At present, COVID-19 is attracting people's attention worldwide. The rapid spread of the epidemic has had a very large impact on the education sector. Many countries have organized students to engage in online learning and study at home. As a country was seriously affected in the early stage of the epidemic, after a period of hard work, China has developed nationwide online education. Compared with that in many developed countries, the emergence of information technology in China did not occur early. However, the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 forced Chinese schools to carry out large-scale online teaching. Based on the theoretical framework of the interaction between online education policy and public response, this paper combs the change trend of online education policy focus in China in recent 20 years and the change of public response direction in microblog hot search comments after the online education policy was introduced during the epidemic period through a variety of text statistical analysis methods, and discusses the interaction between social public response and online education policy. This paper explains the reasons for China's successful implementation of nationwide online education in primary and secondary schools in early 2020.