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Direct linkDing, Yi; Liu, Ru-De; Xu, Le; Wang, Jia; Zhang, Dake – Journal of Educational Research, 2017
The authors' aim was to examine the relations among mental multiplication, working memory load (WML), and automaticity by alternating the difficulty level of task characteristics. In Experiment 1, involving 30 fifth-grade students with mixed abilities, a 2 (WML) × 2 (automaticity) design was utilized. In Experiment 2, involving 21 high-achieving…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Multiplication, Correlation, Grade 5
Liu, Ru-De; Ding, Yi; Xu, Le; Wang, Jia – Journal of Educational Research, 2017
The authors' aim was to examine the relation between two-digit mental multiplication and working memory. In Study 1, involving 30 fifth-grade students, we used digit span backward as an abbreviated measure of working memory. In Study 2, involving 41 fourth-grade students, working memory comprised measures of phonological loop, visuospatial…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Mental Computation, Multiplication, Elementary School Students
Liu, Ru-De; Ding, Yi; Gao, Bing-Cheng; Zhang, Dake – Journal of Experimental Education, 2015
This study aimed to examine the relations among property strategies, working memory, and multiplication tasks with 101 Chinese fourth-grade students. Two multiplication property strategies (associative and distributive) were compared with no strategy and demonstrated differentiated effects on students' accuracy and reaction time. Associative…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Elementary School Mathematics, Grade 4, Short Term Memory
