The purpose of the research reported in this paper -- (1) to describe in general terms the teaching of English as a foreign language in Finnish secondary schools, (2) to define method as it relates to language teaching and to develop an instrument to measure method as a quantitative value or a point on a continuum, and (3) to evaluate the…

This paper discusses the relationship between mother tongue, foreign language, and thinking. It is based on a pilot study carried out with 30 Finnish university students majoring in English philology. All students filled in a questionnaire and four were selected for an interview. In the questionnaires and interviews, the students were asked to…

A study analyzed the relationship between foreign language learning and four variables, including: nonverbal intelligence, conceptual level, mother tongue, and mathematics. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the same mental processes are involved in poor and good language learning, regardless of the learner's mother tongue. The study…