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Download full textRumberger, Russell W.; Losen, Daniel J. – Civil Rights Project - Proyecto Derechos Civiles, 2016
School suspension rates have been rising since the early 1970s, especially for children of color. One body of research has demonstrated that suspension from school is harmful to students, as it increases the risk of retention and school dropout. Another has demonstrated that school dropouts impose huge social costs on their states and localities,…
Descriptors: Discipline, Suspension, Costs, Dropouts
Subedi, Bidya Raj; Swan, Bonnie; Hynes, Michael C. – Online Submission, 2010
This paper investigates the effect of teacher quality, represented by teacher level characteristics, on mathematics gain scores employing multilevel (or three-level hierarchical linear model, HLM, based) unconditional and conditional value-added model (VAM). We found the significant effects of teacher's mathematics content certification, teacher…
Descriptors: Teacher Effectiveness, Teaching Experience, Measurement Techniques, Achievement Gains
