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McConeghy, Kevin; Wing, Coady; Wong, Vivian C. – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2015
Randomized experiments have long been established as the gold standard for addressing causal questions. However, experiments are not always feasible or desired, so observational methods are also needed. When multiple observations on the same variable are available, a repeated measures design may be used to assess whether a treatment administered…
Descriptors: Replication (Evaluation), Benchmarking, Quasiexperimental Design, Comparative Analysis
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St. Clair, Travis; Hallberg, Kelly; Cook, Thomas D. – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2014
Researchers are increasingly using comparative interrupted time series (CITS) designs to estimate the effects of programs and policies when randomized controlled trials are not feasible. In a simple interrupted time series design, researchers compare the pre-treatment values of a treatment group time series to post-treatment values in order to…
Descriptors: Measurement Techniques, Time, Randomized Controlled Trials, Comparative Analysis
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Hallberg, Kelly; Cook, Thomas D.; Figlio, David – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2013
The goal of this paper is to provide guidance for applied education researchers in using multi-level data to study the effects of interventions implemented at the school level. Two primary approaches are currently employed in observational studies of the effect of school-level interventions. One approach employs intact school matching: matching…
Descriptors: Matched Groups, Intervention, Randomized Controlled Trials, Elementary Schools
Mayer, Alexander K.; Patel, Reshma; Rudd, Timothy; Ratledge, Alyssa – MDRC, 2015
Performance-based scholarships have two main goals: (1) to give students more money for college; and (2) to provide incentives for academic progress. MDRC launched the Performance-Based Scholarship (PBS) Demonstration in 2008 to evaluate the effectiveness of these scholarships in a diverse set of states, institutions, and low-income student…
Descriptors: Scholarships, Performance Based Assessment, Performance Factors, Academic Achievement