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Direct linkEskenazi, Michael A.; Nix, Bailey – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Reading in difficult or novel fonts results in slower and less efficient reading (Slattery & Rayner, 2010); however, these fonts may also lead to better learning and memory (Diemand-Yauman, Oppenheimer, & Vaughan, 2011). This effect is consistent with a desirable difficulty effect such that more effort during encoding results in better…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Difficulty Level, Word Frequency, Layout (Publications)
Download full textClachar, Arlene – Forum on Public Policy Online, 2006
The goal of the study was to compare the literacy challenges faced by children who speak nonstandard dialects of English and for whom Standard English is a "second dialect" with challenges faced by children for whom Standard English is a "second language." The study focused on the extent to which discourse patterns in the…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language), Second Language Programs
