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Tilo Strobach; Julia Karbach – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2024
Previous studies demonstrated that dual-task impairments are higher in children than in young adults. A previous study systematically assessed the sources of these larger dual-task impairments by identifying age-related differences in capacity limitations during dual-task processing. Capacity limitations in central cognitive processes were present…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Age Differences, Children, Young Adults
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Cacchione, Trix; Abbaspour, Sufi; Rakoczy, Hannes – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2020
It has been suggested that due to functional similarity, sortal object individuation might be a primordial form of psychological essentialism. For example, the relative independence of identity judgment from perceived surface features is a characteristic of essentialist reasoning. Also, infants engaging in sortal object individuation pay more…
Descriptors: Infants, Toddlers, Cognitive Processes, Logical Thinking
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Weidinger, Nicole; Lindner, Katrin; Hogrefe, Katharina; Ziegler, Wolfram; Goldenberg, Georg – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2017
This study examined how 5- and 9-year-old children (N = 40) produce pantomimes of object use on verbal request. The task required participants to enact an action with an imagined object. Results showed that with age, children (a) proceeded from body part as object to imaginary object and (b) incorporated into their pantomimes more distinctive…
Descriptors: Children, Pantomime, Age Differences, Cognitive Development
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Lindow, Stefanie; Betsch, Tilmann – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2018
In many decision situations, individuals must actively search information before they can make a satisfying choice. In such instances, individuals must be aware of the fact that not all information may be equally relevant for the choice at hand--thus, individuals should weight information by its respective relevance. We compared children's and…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Children, Information Seeking, Adults
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Hardecker, Susanne; Schmidt, Marco F. H.; Tomasello, Michael – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2017
Much research has investigated how children relate to norms taught to them by adult authorities. Very few studies have investigated norms that arise out of children's own peer interactions. In two studies, we investigated how 5- and 7-year-old children teach, enforce, and understand rules that they either created themselves or were taught by an…
Descriptors: Child Development, Behavior Standards, Social Behavior, Children
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Pohl, Rüdiger F.; Bayen, Ute J.; Arnold, Nina; Auer, Tina-Sarah; Martin, Claudia – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2018
Hindsight bias is the tendency to overestimate one's prior knowledge of a fact or event after learning the actual fact. Recent research has suggested that age-related differences in hindsight bias may be based on age-related differences in inhibitory control. We tested whether this explanation held for 3 cognitive processes assumed to underlie…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Processes, Memory, Bias
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Diergarten, Anna Katharina; Nieding, Gerhild – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2015
Two studies examined inferences drawn about the protagonist's emotional state in movies (Study 1) or audiobooks (Study 2). Children aged 5, 8, and 10 years old and adults took part. Participants saw or heard 20 movie scenes or sections of audiobooks taken or adapted from the TV show Lassie. An online measure of emotional inference was designed…
Descriptors: Children, Adults, Inferences, Psychological Patterns
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Löffler, Elisabeth; von der Linden, Nicole; Schneider, Wolfgang – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2016
Two studies were conducted to investigate effects of domain knowledge on metacognitive monitoring across the life span in materials of different complexity. Participants from 4 age groups (3rd-grade children, adolescents, younger and older adults) were compared using an expert-novice paradigm. In Study 1, soccer experts' and novices'…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Age Differences, Grade 3, Children
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Poulin-Dubois, Diane; Sodian, Beate; Metz, Ulrike; Tilden, Joanne; Schoeppner, Barbara – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2007
Three experiments investigated 14-, 18-, and 24- month-old infants' understanding of visual perception. Infants viewed films in which a protagonist was either able to view the location of a hidden object (Visual Access condition) or was blindfolded when the object location was revealed (No Visual Access condition). When requested to find the…
Descriptors: Infants, Visual Perception, Cognitive Development, Age Differences
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Moll, Henrike; Koring, Cornelia; Carpenter, Malinda; Tomasello, Michael – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2006
In the studies presented here, infants' understanding of others' attention was assessed when gaze direction cues were not diagnostic. Fourteen-, 18- and 24-month-olds witnessed an adult look to the side of an object and express excitement. In 1 experimental condition this object was new for the adult because she was not present while the child and…
Descriptors: Infants, Comprehension, Attention, Adults
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Habermas, Tilmann – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2007
Extending research on age norms in adults, the development of the knowledge of two components of the cultural concept of biography, biographical salience of and age norms for life events was studied from late childhood to early adulthood in Study 1 and across adulthood in Study 2. The largest increase in knowledge was found between ages 8 and 12,…
Descriptors: Self Concept, Personal Narratives, Late Adolescents, Young Adults