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Gesa Fee Komar; Laura Mieth; Axel Buchner; Raoul Bell – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
The animacy effect refers to the memory advantage of words denoting animate beings over words denoting inanimate objects. Remembering animate beings may serve important evolutionary functions, but the cognitive mechanism underlying the animacy effect has remained elusive. According to the richness-of-encoding account, animate words stimulate…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Cognitive Processes, Memory, Recall (Psychology)
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Stefan Wöhner; Andreas Mädebach; Herbert Schriefers; Jörg D. Jescheniak – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
This study traced different types of distractor effects in the picture-word interference (PWI) task across repeated naming. Starting point was a PWI study by Kurtz et al. (2018). It reported that naming a picture (e.g., of a duck) was slowed down by a distractor word phonologically related to an alternative picture name from a different taxonomic…
Descriptors: Naming, Interference (Learning), Foreign Countries, College Students
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Schwab, Juliane; Xiang, Ming; Liu, Mingya – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Antilocality effects provide strong evidence for expectation-based sentence parsing models. Previous discussion of the antilocality effect, however, largely focused on the argument-verb dependencies in verb-final constructions, for which a memory retrieval-based account has been argued to be equally adequate. To test whether the principles of…
Descriptors: Sentences, Language Processing, Memory, German
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Logacev, Pavel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
A number of studies have found evidence for the so-called "ambiguity advantage," that is, faster processing of ambiguous sentences compared with unambiguous counterparts. While a number of proposals regarding the mechanism underlying this phenomenon have been made, the empirical evidence so far is far from unequivocal. It is compatible…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Accuracy, Ambiguity (Semantics), Sentences
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Meinhardt, Martin J.; Bell, Raoul; Buchner, Axel; Röer, Jan P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
A large body of evidence shows an animacy effect on memory in that animate entities are better remembered than inanimate ones. Yet, the reason for this mnemonic prioritization remains unclear. In the survival processing literature, the assumption that richness of encoding is responsible for adaptive memory benefits has received substantial…
Descriptors: Memory, Prediction, Language Processing, Associative Learning
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Bahnmueller, Julia; Maier, Carolin A.; Göbel, Silke M.; Moeller, Korbinian – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Language-specific differences in number words influence number processing even in nonverbal numerical tasks. For instance, the unit-decade compatibility effect in two-digit number magnitude comparison (compatible number pairs [42_57: 4 < 5 and 2 < 7] are responded to faster than incompatible pairs [47_62: 4 < 6 but 7 > 2]) was shown to…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Numbers, Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics
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Dudschig, Carolin; Kaup, Barbara – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Associations between language and space are of central interest for grounded models of language comprehension. Various studies show that reading words such as "bird" or "shoe" results in faster responses toward the typical location of the corresponding entity (e.g., after "bird", upward responses are faster than…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Responses, Association (Psychology), Spatial Ability
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Tatz, Joshua R.; Undorf, Monika; Peynircioglu, Zehra F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
According to the principle of inverse effectiveness (PIE), weaker responses to information in one modality (i.e., unisensory) benefit more from additional information in a second modality (i.e., multisensory; Meredith & Stein, 1986). We suggest that the PIE may also inform whether perceptual fluency affects judgments of learning (JOLs). If…
Descriptors: Sensory Integration, Decision Making, Acoustics, Layout (Publications)
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Llompart, Miquel; Reinisch, Eva – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
The present study investigated whether the ability to encode the sounds of difficult second-language (L2) contrasts into novel nonnative lexical representations is modulated by the phonological form of the words to be learned. In 3 experiments, German learners of English were trained on word-picture associations with either novel minimal pairs…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Phonemes, Task Analysis, Phonology
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Röer, Jan Philipp; Bell, Raoul; Körner, Ulrike; Buchner, Axel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Short-term memory (STM) for serially presented visual items is disrupted by task-irrelevant, to-beignored speech. Five experiments investigated the extent to which irrelevant speech is processed semantically by contrasting the following two hypotheses: (1) semantic processing of irrelevant speech is limited and does not interfere with serial STM…
Descriptors: Semantics, Recall (Psychology), Short Term Memory, Sentence Structure
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Horn, Sebastian S.; Bayen, Ute J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Event-based prospective memory (PM) involves remembering to perform intended actions after a delay. An important theoretical issue is whether and how people monitor the environment to execute an intended action when a target event occurs. Performing a PM task often increases the latencies in ongoing tasks. However, little is known about the…
Descriptors: Memory, Models, Language Processing, Reaction Time
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Loaiza, Vanessa M.; Camos, Valérie – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Two main mechanisms, articulatory rehearsal and attentional refreshing, are argued to be involved in the maintenance of verbal information in working memory (WM). Whereas converging research has suggested that rehearsal promotes the phonological representations of memoranda in working memory, little is known about the representations that…
Descriptors: Role, Short Term Memory, Verbal Communication, Recall (Psychology)
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Lago, Sol; Sloggett, Shayne; Schlueter, Zoe; Chow, Wing Yee; Williams, Alexander; Lau, Ellen; Phillips, Colin – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Previous studies have shown that speakers of languages such as German, Spanish, and French reactivate the syntactic gender of the antecedent of a pronoun to license gender agreement. As syntactic gender is assumed to be stored in the lexicon, this has motivated the claim that pronouns in these languages reactivate the lexical entry of their…
Descriptors: Grammar, Syntax, Contrastive Linguistics, English
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Madebach, Andreas; Oppermann, Frank; Hantsch, Ansgar; Curda, Christian; Jescheniak, Jorg D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
The semantic interference effect in the picture-word interference task is interpreted as an index of lexical competition in prominent speech production models. Janssen, Schirm, Mahon, and Caramazza (2008) challenged this interpretation on the basis of experiments with a novel version of this task, which introduced a task-switching component.…
Descriptors: Semantics, Language Processing, Visual Aids, German
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Madebach, Andreas; Jescheniak, Jorg D.; Oppermann, Frank; Schriefers, Herbert – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
In 3 picture-word interference experiments, speakers named a target object in the presence of an unrelated not-to-be-named context object. Distractor words, which were phonologically related or unrelated to the context object's name, were used to determine whether the context object had become phonologically activated. All objects had high…
Descriptors: College Students, Foreign Countries, Language Processing, Speech Communication
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