To examine the factor structure of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the psychometric properties of the German Symptom Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorders (SCL-ASD). Data were collected from 312 clinical referrals with suspected ASD (2-18 years). Confirmatory factor analyses and analyses of reliability, convergent and divergent validity were performed. A bifactor model with one general ASD factor and two specific factors (interaction-communication; restricted, repetitive behaviors) provided an adequate data fit. Internal consistencies of the SCL-ASD subscales and the total scale were > 0.70. Correlations with measures of ASD traits were higher than correlations with measures of externalizing and internalizing symptoms. The results support a factor structure consistent with DSM-5/ICD-11 criteria. The SCL-ASD has sound psychometric properties.