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Lee, Tim S. O.; Gardner, David; Lau, Ken – Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 2020
Previous studies have associated L2 teachers' use of motivational strategies with learners' motivated behaviours in class such as raised attention and participation. The after-class effects of L2 motivational strategies, in contrast, have drawn less attention. This paper reports a study examining how L2 teachers' motivational interventions cause…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language), Learning Motivation
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Gardner, David; Yung, Kevin W. H. – Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 2017
This paper reports on the findings of a study looking at students' motivation to engage in self-access language learning (SALL) while taking an English for Academic Purposes course which contains a substantial integrated SALL component. To-date there has been limited research into the motivation of such students but it is an important area of…
Descriptors: Learning Motivation, Independent Study, Questionnaires, Surveys
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Gao, Xuesong – Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 2013
As the construct of agency has generated considerable discussion among language educators recently and has become a buzz word, there is a need for it to be further conceptualized and operationalized in autonomy research. Drawing on Margaret Archer's theorization of "internal conversation," this paper theorizes language learners' agency…
Descriptors: Correlation, Second Language Learning, Personal Autonomy, Reflection