Scheduling of practice to create a spacing effect has been observed to lead to superior retention of L2 vocabulary and grammar. Two of the various methods of scheduling L2 task practice discussed widely in recent times are interleaving and blocking. In a desirable difficulty framework, both of these methods have been recommended for task…

Despite its familiarity and the fact that it becomes a formal area of study in early upper primary grades, optics remains a cognitive challenge for young as well as advanced learners, not only because much of it is counter-intuitive but also because its conceptual comprehension involves negotiating the vocabulary and graphical symbolism involved…

Difficulties in mathematics learning are a multi-faceted issue and the role of language in it is crucial. Language of mathematics includes mathematics text, discourse in classroom and language used in evaluation situations with its specific verbal, symbolic expressions, structure and function. Ambiguity arising from the difference between formal…

A study analyzed language-related and non-language-related textbooks used in India's secondary schools for compatibility of content across related curricular areas. The textbooks prescribed for standards 5 and 6 in Kannada, Hindi, and English for both State and Central school systems were analyzed. Language texts were analyzed for linguistic,…