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Jain, Meena; Jain, Vinay Kumar – Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2011
Bilingualism is a common phenomenon in India. We are all instinctively bilingual. A large proportion of the world's population is bilingual. A bilingual speaking to the other bilingual chooses the language unconsciously or semi-consciously with no extra time or effort. Language alternation has become significant in the Indian context in view of…
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), Urban Areas, Foreign Countries, Native Speakers
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Krachru, Braj B. – Linguistics, 1975
Discusses certain lexical features of South Asian English peculiar to this variety of English as opposed to its other native and non-native varieties. A taxonomic classification of hybrids which developed over years of cultural and linguistic contact with the English-speaking world is presented. (SCC)
Descriptors: English, Etymology, Language Classification, Language Usage
Valentine, Tamara – 1986
A language research project investigated the phenomenon of transcreation, that is, the transference of the linguistic markers, communicative strategies, cultural notions, social elements, and contextual clues of the local culture to the native English variety. The focus is on the relationship between language and gender and the contribution of…
Descriptors: Cultural Context, English, Females, Fiction
Daswani, C. J. – 1985
Indian languages seem to have emerged from a phase of total dependence on English for new input. Several Indian languages have now evolved vocabularies and structural nuances to handle several new registers and styles necessary for modern society. Some of the change has occurred through conscious language policy encouraging multilingualism and the…
Descriptors: Change Strategies, Diachronic Linguistics, English, Indians
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Nelson, Cecil L. – World Englishes: Journal of English as an International and Intranational Language, 1985
Examines communicative competence in transplanted varieties of English used in various non-Western sociocultural contexts in the world. The examples presented show that native speakers' judgements of the deviations in such Englishes are based on both attitudinal factors and on genuine expectations in the context of verbal interaction. (Author/SED)
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Communicative Competence (Languages), Cultural Context, Discourse Analysis
Kachru, Braj B. – 1976
The notion of language dependency presupposes that there is a hierarchy of languages in a multilingual society, and that each language is assigned a functional role in a multilingual individual's restricted or extended spheres of linguistic interaction. In South Asia, language dependency has resulted in linguistic convergence of two types: (1)…
Descriptors: Dravidian Languages, English, Hindi, Indo European Languages
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Srivastava, R. N. – Indian Journal of Adult Education, 1979
The author defines literacy as a communication skill and argues that India's national adult education program should promote vernacular literacy rather than standard language literacy, using the traditional vernacular oral communication channels with writing as an extension of but not a replacement for the oral mode. (MF)
Descriptors: Adult Education, Communication Skills, Community Development, Developing Nations