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Arikan, Serkan; van de Vijver, Fons J. R.; Yagmur, Kutlay – International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 2018
We examined Differential Item Functioning (DIF) and the size of cross-cultural performance differences in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 mathematics data before and after application of propensity score matching. The mathematics performance of Indonesian, Turkish, Australian, and Dutch students on released items was…
Descriptors: Probability, Test Bias, Mathematics Instruction, Foreign Countries