Critical thinking, intelligence, and language aptitude are three cognitive factors, each, in its own way, influencing our lives. They are important in successful reasoning, problem-solving, and foreign language learning, and thus are worth studying regarding their influence on individuals' language-related skills, in particular, foreign…

Teachers' beliefs, attitudes, and identities have been considered as the main factors in improving their performance to enhance students' learning. The present study aimed to explore the relationship among Iranian EFL teachers' professional identity, their self-efficacy, and their critical thinking skills in their teaching process. To achieve the…

The present study assessed the associations among higher-order thinking skills (reflective thinking, critical thinking) and self-monitoring that contribute to academic achievement among university students. The sample consisted of 196 Iranian university students (mean age = 22.05, SD = 3.06; 112 females; 75 males) who were administered three…