Studies have documented the significance of scaffolding as a sociocultural theory driven type of assistance for the development of English as foreign language (EFL) learners' language skills in general; however, the comparative efficacy of various cognitive and/or metacognitive scaffolding procedures for EFL learners' listening comprehension…

The present study aimed to explore the association between 302 (93 males and 209 females) English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' perceived teacher support (i.e., personal support and academic support) and their reading motivation. This inquiry also sought to assess the potential mediating influences of second or foreign language (L2)…

Although studying the actual use of L2 materials has gained momentum over the past few years, little is known about its synergy with teachers' beliefs. This study addressed this gap by exploring teachers' stated and enacted beliefs about (effective) materials use in L2 classroom discourse. To this effect, naturally-occurring interactions within 10…

The present study investigates the application of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) as an innovative approach in second language teaching (SLT) to explore its impact on the professional identity of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers. Employing a sequential explanatory mixed methods design, the research involved 148 Iranian EFL teachers…

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots, such as ChatGPT, have significantly impacted education, especially for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. However, there is paucity of empirical evidence concerning the role of chatbots in psycho-emotional constructs like well-being and emotion regulation. It is important to address this…

The study of language teacher and learner identity has turned into a vibrant line of research in recent years. Little research, however, has specifically addressed teachers' understanding of learner identity and the contributions this awareness offers to various aspects of their work. This study explored fifty Iranian EFL teachers' understanding…

Drawing on the rhetorical/relational goal theory, this study examined the role of instructor clarity and non-verbal immediacy in affective learning through the mediation of instructor understanding. Data were gathered through close-ended questionnaires from 756 Chinese and 715 Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) students, the factor…

The learning process of constructing concepts in mathematics can be supported by visualization in graphical, numerical, and symbolic representations. However, previous research suggests that students have not fully taken advantage of the opportunities provided by these technologies. Two key factors, including mathematics conception and mathematics…

This study aimed to understand the medical sciences students' critical thinking (CT) and their learning styles and investigate the relationship between academic performance and the both mentioned variables. A descriptive analytical study was conducted on 469 medical sciences students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences using the Kolb's…

This study aimed to find out the relationship among EFL university teachers' code-based and meaning-based beliefs in writing instruction, classroom writing activities and classroom organization. To this end, 120 university teachers, who were teaching writing to EFL learners at different universities in Iran, participated in the study. For the data…

The present investigation examined the effect of perfectionism on metacognitive listening strategy (MLS) use through the components of self-efficacy (initiative, effort, and persistence) among a sample of 117 Iranian English as a Foreign Language university students. Cluster analysis was utilized to identify the perfectionistic clusters. The…

Globally various barriers hinder English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners from developing English communicative competence. Concern in this regard is also raised in the context of Iran. Two themes that strongly emerge from the vast number of publications on the causes of poor EFL learning outcomes in Iran include the need for teacher…

Purpose: For this purpose, Teacher Self-Regulation Scale (TSRS), Emotions Questionnaire for Teachers (EQT) and Grasha's Teaching Style Inventory (TSI) were employed to gauge the influences of teacher self-regulation on university teachers' emotions and preferred teaching style. The participants of this study were 320 university teachers, majored…

This study aimed to scrutinize the measurement of ICC and then investigate the relationship between Iranian L2 learners and their L2 learning motivation, and achievement on the one hand, and the difference between ICC and motivation of EFL learners, on the other. To do this, the participants included 60 B.A. Translation and 60 B.A. non-Translation…

This study was an attempt to explore the possible relationship between EFL teachers' perception (understanding and view) of task-based language teaching (TBLT) and their dominant teaching style. In addition, the study investigated whether EFL teachers' perception of TBLT can predict their dominant teaching style. As for the participants, 180…