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Pishghadam, Reza; Saboori, Fahime; Samavarchi, Laila; Hassanzadeh, Tahereh – Issues in Educational Research, 2016
The present study pursued two goals: first, to construct and validate a masculinity/femininity scale (MFS); and second, to reveal and compare the dominant gender identity of English, Arabic, and Persian teachers. Regarding the first goal, a 30- item gender identity scale was designed and, using the data collected from 300 junior high school…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Sexual Identity, Language Teachers, Masculinity
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Khatib, Mohammad; Nourzadeh, Saeed – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2015
The current study was undertaken with the purpose of developing and validating a willingness to communicate (WTC) questionnaire for instructional language teaching and learning contexts. Six instructional WTC (IWTC) components were identified after (1) undertaking a comprehensive review of the literature on second language (L2) WTC and other…
Descriptors: Questionnaires, Validity, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning