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Leila Behzadi Soufiani; Saeideh Ahangari; Mahnaz Saeidi – Language Teaching Research, 2025
Regarding the three main features of scaffolding, namely, contingency, fading, and the transfer of responsibility, contingency entails the assistance adjusted to a learner's existing level of understanding. The present study investigated the effect of the model of contingent teaching on improving Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL)…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Writing Skills
Razaghi, Maryam; Bagheri, Mohammad Sadegh; Yamini, Mortaza – International Journal of Instruction, 2019
Taking into account the three key features of scaffolding, namely, contingency, fading and the transfer of responsibility, the present study investigated the role of cognitive scaffolding in speaking and its components (i.e. grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, discourse management, interactive communication). Moreover, the possible moderating…
Descriptors: Scaffolding (Teaching Technique), Contingency Management, Student Responsibility, Cognitive Processes