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Direct linkAlan Gazzano – Arts Education Policy Review, 2024
This study examines the underpinnings of Japan's "programming education" in elementary school music, officially implemented nationwide in 2020. Through that reform, which has introduced "programming thinking" (a local version of computational thinking) in all areas of compulsory education, the country follows the international…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Computer Science Education, Programming, Music Education
Domenach, Florent; Araki, Naoko; Agnello, Mary Frances – Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 2021
This discussion examines the ever-increasing impact of top-down nation-wide educational reforms on teachers in Japan, exemplified in the 2020 reform. Its unique contribution is a suggestion of an interdisciplinary framework: programming education and English as a foreign language education in elementary schools. Many elementary school teachers are…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
