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Hayashi, Hajimu; Ban, Yoshimi – European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2021
This study examined children's understanding of irony when a difference existed between a speaker's intended meaning and a listener's interpretation of the meaning. Three irony contexts were presented to 87 7/8-year-olds (second graders), 90 11/12-year-olds (sixth graders), and 103 adults. In the normal irony context, the speaker intended to…
Descriptors: Childrens Attitudes, Knowledge Level, Student Attitudes, Elementary School Students
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Takimoto, Masahiro – Language Teaching Research, 2020
The present study was motivated by theoretical considerations in cognitive linguistics associated with the concept projection as well as by theories in cognitive science related to self-directed learning on computers, to apply them in developing Japanese learners' knowledge of the different degrees of sureness attached to CERTAIN, PROBABLE, and…
Descriptors: Figurative Language, Psycholinguistics, Independent Study, Proximity