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Download full textNoboru Sakai – Journal of Educators Online, 2025
This study aims to investigate ChatGPT's ability to comprehend input from nonnative speakers, specifically those learning English as a second language, with Japanese speakers serving as the model population. The experiment examines how ChatGPT evaluates the difficulty levels of the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC), which is…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Artificial Intelligence, Native Speakers, English (Second Language)
Kashiwagi, Kazuko; Ito, Yukiko – English Language Teaching, 2017
Even young EFL learners who have not yet learned L2 grammar will notice language patterns if, when retrieving exemplars ("item-based patterns"), they succeed in making form-meaning connections (FMCs). Item-based patterns, termed formulaic sequences (FS), serve as a basis for creative constructions. Although learners are implicitly…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Junior High School Students, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language)
Direct linkYamada, Kyoko – Language Testing, 2009
Gist identification or coherent situation model construction performance is an important criterion not only in L1 and L2 reading comprehension assessment but also in every aspect of discourse processing. Whereas most previous L2 research has investigated schematic knowledge of readers about relations within a text, more recent studies have used…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Identification, Language Patterns, Second Language Learning
