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Pak, Katie; Desimone, Laura M.; Parsons, Arianna – Education Policy Analysis Archives, 2020
Though scholars agree that professional development (PD) is a key mechanism for implementing education policies that call for teacher change, and that PD generally needs to be content-focused, active, collaborative, coherent, and sustained, the application of this framework has yielded mixed results. In this qualitative study, we employed…
Descriptors: Professional Development, School Districts, Educational Policy, Academic Standards
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Guskey, Thomas R.; Peterson, Kent D. – Educational Leadership, 1996
Specific problems (involving power, implementation, mission, time management, expertise, cultural constraints, avoidance, and motivation) are keeping school-based decision making from improving teaching and learning. Educators must begin with a clear mission, set explicit goals for the decision-making process, alter governance structures to…
Descriptors: Central Office Administrators, Community Involvement, Educational Change, Elementary Secondary Education