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Direct linkAngela M. Jack; Ben Pogodzinski – Educational Policy, 2025
Accountability efforts under the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) has brought greater attention to school-level processes and practices and their impact on student outcomes. This has pushed states to report more school-level inputs, including per-pupil expenditures. Grounded in an open systems theory (OST) framework, we identify the association…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Educational Finance, Expenditures, Academic Achievement
Download full textSamantha Cullum; Jeremy Singer; Katharine O. Strunk; Chanteliese Watson; Ariell Bertrand; Erica Harbatkin; Sarah L. Woulfin – Education Policy Innovation Collaborative, 2024
School improvement is an iterative process through which districts and schools develop their capacity, implement and refine new policies and practices, and respond to new developments and needs over time. School improvement policy can also be considered an iterative process, with policy implementors learning from previous rounds of a policy.…
Descriptors: Educational Improvement, Educational Policy, State Policy, School Turnaround
A. Chris Torres; Sandy Frost Waldron; Jason Burns – Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2024
This mixed-method study examines Michigan's Partnership policy for school turnaround, which positions the district and superintendents as key policy implementation actors. We first interviewed 21 of 35 Partnership superintendents/leaders across Michigan and surveyed teachers to understand the initial response to the turnaround policy and the…
Descriptors: Compliance (Legal), Superintendents, School Districts, School Turnaround
A. Chris Torres – Educational Administration Quarterly, 2024
In recent years, policymakers and scholars argued that state education agencies (SEAs) should move away from simply acting as compliance monitors and take on more prominent roles as providers of technical support to schools and school districts. Scholars find that SEAs have struggled to do so, yet there is little empirical work to explain what…
Descriptors: State Departments of Education, Trust (Psychology), Accountability, School Turnaround
Antonia Gordon – Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, 2025
For the past thirty years, Michigan has used Emergency Management (EM) and receiverships to solve city and school finance issues. The impact of these state intervention policies has been highly publicized and has led to institutional distrust among black citizens in urban communities --with the Flint water crisis standing out as the most infamous…
Descriptors: School Districts, State Policy, Intervention, Urban Areas
A. Chris Torres – Journal of Educational Administration, 2024
Purpose: As school districts evolve in their ability to actively support schools and educators, they must simultaneously contend with external policies that create additional demands on time and resources. This includes accountability policies aimed at increasing district and school capacity. This study uses Malen and Rice's (2004) dual dimensions…
Descriptors: Accountability, School Turnaround, Educational Policy, Capacity Building
