Over the past two decades, community organizing has emerged as an effective force for school improvement. In the context of shrinking education funding, stubborn opportunity and achievement gaps between low-income and wealthy children and between children of color and White children, and polarizing debate on school reform, community organizing…

The Minnesota Indian Education Program provided a "turning point" for the state's Indians during Fiscal Year 1972. There was a 31% increase in Indian high school graduates and over 3,800 adults were enrolled in Indian Adult Basic Education. The program received funding from over 15 outside agencies, including the U.S. Office of…

Case studies of local development projects in Scotland, Norway, Australia, and the United States (Minnesota) indicate that federal education programs of a "generative" nature (those linking educational improvement to other improvement efforts, emphasizing process, and stimulating grass-roots participation) are most likely to promote…