Students negotiate their social studies classroom curriculum, enhancing 21st century skills, citizenship education and human rights in the present study. Curriculum negotiation augments student engagement, giving them opportunities to practice and so experience citizenship. In the process students develop abilities related to 21st century skills…

Competence-based education is becoming increasingly popular. Competencies are used more and more as the starting point for designing curricula and instructional methods, especially in vocational education and training, to realize authentic and self-steering study programmes. Despite its popularity in both research and educational settings, there…