A discussion of Bolanci (also Bole or Bolewa), a West Chadic language spoken in northeastern Nigeria, focuses on one component of the system of complementation, the form "na." This form has an inherent semantic capable of influencing the meaning of sentences in which it is embedded, specifically, when present in a complex sentence,…

A study of Emai, an Edoid language of south-central Nigeria, focuses on the system of constraints governing tonal processes. Specifically, it examines the ways in which general processes of low tone raising and high tone lowering are realized in domains constructed by verbs and by preverbal auxiliary and adverbial constituents. Sequentially…

Clarifies the functional relationships within the fourfold deictic NAN/CAN adverbials in Hausa, a system that requires analysis in terms of several person-centric positional parameters. The primary determinant of speaker choices is the (spatial) position of the intended referent in relation to the participants at the time of the exchange. (50…