Purpose: Short-term motivation encompasses specific, challenging and attainable goals that develop in the limited timespan. On the other hand, long-term motivation indicates a sort of continuing commitment that is required to complete assigned task. As short-term motivational problems span for a limited period of time, such as a session,…

Modern internet technologies have revolutionized traditional education by providing flexible and resourceful e-learning opportunities in all fields of life. Programming is an integral part of the undergraduate curriculum in computer sciences where an adequate level of programming expertise is expected from the graduates. In this paper, we explore…

The paper critically evaluated the discursive practices on the Moderated Discussion Board (MDB) of Virtual University of Pakistan (VUP). The paramount objective of the study was to conduct a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the MDB on the Learning Management System (LMS) of VUP. For this purpose, the academic power relations of the students…