A survey of 116 central office administrators in over 50 public and private school systems in western Pennsylvania examined the administrators' use of test data and other information on organizational performance. Respondents' preferences for nontest data lead the authors to suggest a new model of administrators' usage of performance information.…

Systemic efforts to implement data-based decision making at the school and classroom level face several challenges. First, most data available within district information systems are limited to what has been deemed important for the operational needs of schools and the district. Second, educational organizations have little experience integrating…

Information Interdependence is an empty concept unless the real user is a dominant element. The individual user of information must be sensitized to the existence of information interdependencies and to the critical need to foster much more of it, if libraries are to survive economically and provide exemplary information service. Three approaches…