High-stakes reading tests significantly influence one's future success, leading many second language learners to engage in intensive test preparation. This study examines nine TOEFL reading preparation lectures from two popular cram schools, or [foreign characters omitted] "hagwons," in Korea, with a total duration of five hours and…

This study investigates the experiences of an international graduate student at a South Korean university via positional identity theory. It reveals the positional identities that evolved out of the student's experiences studying the Korean language prior to starting her graduate degree, and during her time as a graduate student. Applying…

This paper aims to lay the groundwork for better online lectures based on a survey given to students in general university English classes on their learning states and perceptions of online classes. The online classes were conducted as non-face-to-face recorded lectures at a university in Gyeonggi, Korea, during two consecutive semesters in 2020.…

Demonstrates that cues play a significant role in second language listening comprehension and provides additional empirical support for their beneficial effect. Found that the absence of cues appeared to contribute significantly to the miscomprehension of information in a lecture. (Author/VWL)