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A Mixed Methods Approach to the Analysis of Bias in Cross-Cultural Studies
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Benítez, Isabel; Van de Vijver, Fons; Padilla, José Luis – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
The aim of the study is to illustrate a comprehensive approach to item bias in cross-cultural research by integrating quantitative and qualitative data in a mixed methods design. We studied responses and response processes of Dutch and Spanish participants to quality of life items from five international studies. Item bias was evaluated by…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Quality of Life, Statistical Bias, Foreign Countries
Using Mixed Methods to Interpret Differential Item Functioning
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Benítez, Isabel; Padilla, José-Luis; Hidalgo Montesinos, María Dolores; Sireci, Stephen G. – Applied Measurement in Education, 2016
Analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) is often used to determine if cross-lingual assessments are equivalent across languages. However, evidence on the causes of cross-lingual DIF is still evasive. Expert appraisal is a qualitative method useful for obtaining detailed information about problematic elements in the different linguistic…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Mixed Methods Research, Questionnaires, International Assessment
Analysis of Nonequivalent Assessments across Different Linguistic Groups Using a Mixed Methods Approach: Understanding the Causes of Differential Item Functioning by Cognitive Interviewing
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Benítez, Isabel; Padilla, José-Luis – Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 2014
Differential item functioning (DIF) can undermine the validity of cross-lingual comparisons. While a lot of efficient statistics for detecting DIF are available, few general findings have been found to explain DIF results. The objective of the article was to study DIF sources by using a mixed method design. The design involves a quantitative phase…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Mixed Methods Research, Test Bias, Cross Cultural Studies