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Direct linkZabala Delgado, Julia; Rouveyrol, Laurent – Language Learning in Higher Education, 2022
Verbal interaction has been the subject of a growing interest among language professionals in Europe since the CEFR was published in 2001; in linguistics, verbal interaction has long been studied. In the Bakhtinian approach, it is even considered "the fundamental reality of language". All types of interaction share the fact that they are…
Descriptors: Spanish, French, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Shackleton, Caroline – Language Learning in Higher Education, 2018
Most language proficiency exams in Europe are presently developed so that reported scores can be related to the "Common European Framework of Reference for Languages" (CEFR; (Council of Europe. 2001. "Common European framework of reference for languages: learning, teaching, assessment." Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.).…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Language Proficiency, Second Language Learning, Guidelines
