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Direct linkVerónica Chust-Pérez; Rosa Pilar Esteve-Faubel; José María Esteve-Faubel – SAGE Open, 2025
The transition from Primary to Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) often causes difficulties for students developing reading skills in English as a second language (ESL) and can increase stress and disengagement, particularly within non-bilingual Spanish contexts. Existing research draws attention to these difficulties and the influence of ESL…
Descriptors: Blended Learning, English (Second Language), Reading Skills, Reading Comprehension
Dinis da Costa, Patrícia; Araújo, Luísa – European Commission, 2016
The analyses presented in this report indicate that in several Member States (MS) 15-year-old students in vocational-oriented programmes (VET) perform better in digital reading than in print reading in PISA 2012. When differentiated by programme of study--VET versus general education programmes--VET students perform better in digital than in print…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students, Adolescents, Vocational Education
