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Direct linkMin Pan; Wei-Ting Hsu – Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2025
Constraints-led approach (CLA) is widely used in physical education (PE). This four-phased study aimed to develop a self-report measurement of students' perceived constraints support in PE. The relationships among students' perceived constraints support, competence and novelty need satisfaction, motivation, effort, and engagement in PE were also…
Descriptors: Physical Education, Student Attitudes, Test Construction, Test Validity
Liu, Hong-Yu; Lu, Frank J. H.; Zhang, Xue-ling; Gill, Diane L.; Chiu, Yi-Hsiang; Chan, Shih-Wei – Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2018
The purpose of this study was to translate Arnold and her colleagues' (Arnold, Fletcher, & Daniels, 2013) Organizational Stressor Indicator for Sport Performers (OSI-SP) into Chinese and examine its psychometric properties with Taiwanese athletes. In study 1, the psychometric properties of the items and the underlying structure of the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Stress Variables, Measures (Individuals), Athletes
