In e-learning, the flip blended learning model is used to provide students with learning contents inside/outside classrooms. It encourages students to preview these contents outside classrooms before the lesson. Then, various learning activities are taken inside classrooms in the lesson. An important issue about its success is the effectiveness of…

Premised on Web 2.0 technology, the current study investigated the effect of facilitating critical thinking using the Collaborative Questioning, Reading, Answering, and Checking (C-QRAC) collaboration script on university students' science reading literacy in flipped learning conditions. Participants were 85 Taiwanese university students recruited…