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Direct linkNix, John-Michael L. – International Journal of Listening, 2021
The relationship between second language (L2) listening presage and process variables was examined in a large cross-sectional study. A formal model of learning beliefs was adapted to create a structural equation model testing the interrelationships of individual difference (gender, practice, experience with native teachers) and trait variables…
Descriptors: Correlation, Listening Comprehension, Case Studies, Individual Differences
Lin, Yu-Cheng; Lin, Pei-Ying – Journal of Experimental Education, 2017
There are no salient word spaces in Mandarin Chinese. Thus, it is unclear whether word spacing information differentially affects the reading speed of children with and without reading difficulties (RD). In the present study, native Chinese-speaking children of differential reading abilities were tested with Chinese text in un-spaced versus spaced…
Descriptors: Mandarin Chinese, Reading Ability, Layout (Publications), Reading Difficulties
