Literacy is a term generally used for adults and young people. Basically, it is an acquisition that includes the process of reading, writing and understanding symbols in any language. While this concept, whose definition and scope has expanded over time, refers to people who can only say their names in the past, today it refers to individuals who…

Reviewing learned knowledge is critical in the learning process. Testing the learning content instead of restudying, which is known as the testing effect, has been demonstrated to be an effective review strategy. However, education research recommends that instructors generate practice tests, but this burdens teachers and may also hinder teaching…

This study focused on an intelligent robot which was viewed as a language teaching/learning tool to improve children's reading ability, reading interest, and learning behavior. The iRobiQ, with its multimedia contents, was employed to encourage children to read, speak, and answer questions. Fifty-seven pre-kindergarteners participated in this…