This paper examines the perspectives of Jamaican teachers on performance-based evaluation as a mode of compensation for Jamaican teachers. The paper is written against the backdrop of continued unsatisfactory results of the Jamaican Education System. In 2015, having completed inspections of all 953 public schools, the National Education Inspectorate (NEI) found that 55% of schools were performing unsatisfactorily. The study found, among other things, that approximately two-thirds of teachers agree or strongly agree that the performance of teachers and schools can be objectively evaluated. However, only approximately one-third held the view that the performance of the school could be the subject of performance-based compensation. The findings of the study suggest that there is a gap between teachers' belief in the objectivity of the performance evaluation system and their readiness and willingness to embrace the idea of being held contractually responsible for the results realized and to be compensated accordingly. This finding points to the need for further dialogue between policy makers and practitioners on the issue of how to improve educational outcomes. The study recommends that the major players in the education system--the Ministry of Education, the Unions representing teachers, and the University community, among others, convene a series of sessions to discuss the unsatisfactory outputs of the education system and develop strategies to improve both teacher and student performance and accountability. The study proposes that one of the strategies which may be considered is a performance-based payment system.