Massive open online courses (MOOCs) provide digital learning spaces for individualized professional development that may create opportunities in teacher education and support language teachers. Language teachers need continuous professional development to develop their digital literacies, and further research is essential to investigate new…

Problem Statement: In recent years, researchers on learning have focused on learning with multimodal representation and this research has shown that when learners can interact with an appropriate representation their performance is enhanced. If students have the opportunity to interact consciously with modal representation, learning can be…