Virtual exchange (VE) is an ideal venue for digital literacy skills development (Fuchs, Hauck & Müller-Hartmann, 2012) and for critical digital literacy (CDL) (Hauck, 2019). Yet literacy is a fluid, deictic term, the meaning of which is context dependent, and digital literacies need to be defined and conceptualised within a specific context.…

The current longitudinal qualitative research explored the development of pre-service English teachers' perspectives on critical literacy and critical pedagogy throughout the Critical Reading and Writing course. The data were collected through a text selection questionnaire, pre-course and post-course critical consciousness questionnaires, and…

This study delves into the realm of critical multimodal literacy through the lens of fairy tale reconstruction. Employing an innovative pedagogical approach, the research examines how students engage with and transform traditional narratives using a critical perspective and digital tools. This action research showcases how students collaboratively…

There has recently been a growing interest in social justice language education, with the goal of challenging entrenched social, cultural and economic hierarchies within educational institutions and the society at large. Contributing to this line of research, the present study focused on an online conversation club that aimed to develop EFL…

Training pre-service teachers has become more important with the significant changes in the utilization of educational technologies in the 21st century. That said, educators are now expected to be digitally literate, capable of accepting and using new technologies by employing skills in the use of web tools. Accordingly, this quantitatively driven…

The research aims to determine which alternative literacy types should be included in the Social Studies curriculum used in Turkey since 2018 The data sources of the research, in which the document analysis method from the qualitative research methods was used, are the 2018 Turkish Social Studies Curriculum (for primary school and middle school…