This study aims to analyze the relationships between online homework and students' prior success, self-efficacy beliefs, perceived responsibility, motivation and academic success. In School of Foreign Languages at the University of Gaziantep, which is a Turkish public university, an online homework application has been used as a part of the program, in this study online homework has been studied in terms of its relationship with students' prior success, self-efficacy beliefs, perceived responsibility, motivation and academic success. In this study it was concluded that students' prior success is effective on their online homework performances, self-efficacy beliefs and perceived responsibility, in general students' online homework performances are effective on their self-efficacy beliefs, perceived responsibility, motivation and academic success in a positive way. Moreover, it was concluded that highly motivated students and the students with higher sense of responsibility are academically successful. As a result, it was suggested that analyzing online homework in different levels of education can enable researchers to learn more about the effects of online learning systems.