Though there has been limited empirical research on the cost component from the expectancy-value model, a recent interest in the construct has spurred advances in theory and measurement. We present a longitudinal analysis of four types of cost: effort, loss of valued alternatives, emotional, and outside cost. We focus on how cost changes over time…

The purpose of this study is to present a cross-cultural description of responses to the Adolescent Intermediate Concepts Measure (hereafter the AD-ICM). Since the introduction of the AD-ICM, the measure has been used multiple times in the US, in The Republic of Macedonia, Taiwan, and the UK. Focusing on these data, the proposed paper session…

This paper reports the results of an international survey on ethics education in initial teacher education. The survey collected data in relation to four main questions: How common is a required ethics-related course? What are the objectives of dedicated ethics-related courses for teacher candidates where such courses exist? How do teacher…

This paper looks at continuity and discontinuity of teachers' perception and enactment of civic values such as equality, democracy, freedom, cohesion and globalization in China and the U.S. Applying qualitative methodologies, this paper finds that, beyond the myth of citizenship education toward China and United States, there are common ideals and…