This handbook is a guide to career opportunities in a broad range of occupations for which a college degree is, or is becoming, the usual background for employment. It contains a brief summary of expected changes in the economy, in addition to an analysis of the overall supply and demand situation for college graduates through the mid-1980's. Each…

A survey was conducted of the want ad sections of Sunday newspapers in 14 cities in the United States and of Saturday newspapers in 3 Canadian cities in February 1990 to determine what qualifications employers required of secretaries. Data from 4,500 individual ads were tabulated. The survey tracked 34 types of information in secretarial ads…

Members of Professional Secretaries International (PSI) were surveyed to discover how corporate restructuring has influenced development of the secretarial profession since 1990. Of the 500 questionnaires mailed to PSI members in the United States and Canada, 174 (34.8%) were returned. Of those surveyed, 71% have been assigned a variety of duties…

This report addresses two central questions raised by the rapidly changing economic role of American women during the 20th century. First, why have the reported wages of women remained constant at approximately 59 percent of men's wages, in spite of the enormous increase in the numbers of women who work and who presumably have been acquiring…

An analysis of the service sector in five countries (France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, and the United States) was made through synthesis of earlier research on work patterns in the countries. Some of the findings and issues discovered concerned the following: (1) the heterogeneity of the service sector; (2) the progress of part-time work; (3)…

Observations of schools and the economies of various countries and regions (including the Eastern and Western Europe, Scandinavia, and the United States) suggest that the following generally accepted principles may be called hoaxes: (1) great numbers of new emerging jobs of the future will require much higher skill levels for workers; (2)…

As mandated in the 1973 Amendments to the Safe Streets Act, the National Manpower Survey (NMS) of the Criminal Justice System was conducted. Focus of the survey was on the existing and future personnel needs of the nation in the field of law enforcement and criminal justice and on the adequacy of federal, state, and local programs to meet such…

This handbook is divided into four major sections with the first section serving as a guide to the handbook. This introductory section tells how to use the handbook, where to go for more career information, how employment projections are made, and where tommorrow's jobs will be. The outlook for occupations in section 2 contains 300 occupational…

This study sought to determine whether the curricula of master's level health administration programs in the United States are relevant to professional needs and whether these programs change appropriately as professional needs change. The content is in seven chapters. The first covers the research design and survey methodology. Chapter 2…

The question of whether inequality in skills explains inequality of earnings across advanced countries was examined through a review of data from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS), which examined the prose, document, and quantitative literacy skills of adults in 12 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and…

In the United States and Canada alike, expressions of concern over the fact that the demand for skilled workers far exceeds the current supply have been heard repeatedly. However, several studies would seem to indicate that, as familiar as these claims about the supply and demand for skilled workers may be, they are very contentious. If a Hudson…

The extent to which skill and competency-based systems used by work organizations in the United Kingdom may contribute to maintenance of the pay gap between men and women was examined through a review of the following: pertinent literature from the United Kingdom and United States; 15 published case studies; current Institute for Employment…

In both France and the United States, restaurants remain the hotel and catering sector's main employer. In France, 25% of hotel and catering personnel are self-employers versus fewer than 5% in the United States; however, the growth of hotel and restaurant chains in France may eventually limit opportunities for creating an independent activity.…

The relationship between literacy, numeracy, and employability was examined by analyzing data on basic skills that were collected in two of Great Britain's birth cohort studies--the National Child Development Study and the 1970 British Cohort Study. The functional literacy and numeracy skills of samples of 10% of the participants in each study…

This book discusses the evolution of workfare policies in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Chapter 1 defines the term "workfare" and examines the concepts of transnationalizing workfare and workfarist labor regulation. Chapter 2 establishes workfare's theoretical context and explores the relationship between welfare…