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Goldstein, Susan B. – Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 2017
An underinvestigated and significant source of stress for U.S. student sojourners across racial/ethnic groups is exposure to stereotypes that target their American identity. This study built on the extensive research literature on stereotype threat to investigate U.S. students' vulnerability and reactions to being the target of stereotypes.…
Descriptors: Study Abroad, Social Bias, Racial Bias, Ethnic Stereotypes
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Lambert, Lisa Schurer – Journal of Applied Psychology, 2011
The reciprocal exchange of employees' work for pay that is central to employment relationships is viewed here through the lens of the psychological contract. A psychological contract involves promised inducements, promised contributions, delivered inducements, and delivered contributions: How an employee cognitively integrates these 4 elements is…
Descriptors: Employer Employee Relationship, Psychology, Employees, Social Exchange Theory
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Berninger, Virginia W.; Abbott, Robert D. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
Age-normed tests of listening comprehension, oral expression, reading comprehension, and written expression were administered in Grades 1 (n = 128), 3, and 5, or 3 (n = 113), 5, and 7. Confirmatory factor analyses compared 1- and 4-factor models at each grade level and supported a 4-factor model of language by ear, mouth, eye, and hand. Multiple…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, Speech Communication, Gifted
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Bird, Jamie V.; Ji, Chang-Ho C.; Boyatt, Ed – Journal of Research on Christian Education, 2004
This article assesses the impact of religiosity on Christian leadership orientations. The theoretical model is taken from the study of Shee, Ji, and Boyatt (2002), which presupposes that quest religiosity is inversely related to the structured, human resource, political, and symbolic leadership frames, while intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity are…
Descriptors: Christianity, College Students, Foreign Countries, Leadership