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Direct linkWang, Wen-Chung; Chen, Hui-Fang; Jin, Kuan-Yu – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2015
Many scales contain both positively and negatively worded items. Reverse recoding of negatively worded items might not be enough for them to function as positively worded items do. In this study, we commented on the drawbacks of existing approaches to wording effect in mixed-format scales and used bi-factor item response theory (IRT) models to…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Test Format, Language Usage, Test Items
Download full textSuzuki, Chizuko; Ishida, Kenichi; Yoshihara, Shota; Schultheis, Klaudia; Riedhammer, Barbara – Research-publishing.net, 2014
This study evaluates an international collaborative project developed and practiced on the internet, as a form of SNS, focusing on how much university students from six countries worldwide participated in the project, from the viewpoint of the participants' contribution to the forum discussion of their own group's topic on education. The 66…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Qualitative Research, English (Second Language), Language Usage
