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Direct linkWiener, Seth; Tokowicz, Natasha – Second Language Research, 2021
This study examined how language proficiency and age of acquisition affect a bilingual language user's reliance on the dominant language during lexical access. Two bilingual groups performed a translation recognition task: Mandarin-English classroom bilinguals who acquired their dominant language (Mandarin) from birth and their non-dominant…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Language Dominance, Mandarin Chinese, English (Second Language)
Dahl, Tove Irene; Ludvigsen, Susanne – Modern Language Journal, 2014
In what ways do native language (NL) speakers and foreign language (FL) learners differ in understanding the same messages delivered with or without gestures? To answer this question, seventh- and eighth-grade NL and FL learners of English in the United States and Norway were shown a video of a speaker describing, in English, a cartoon image that…
Descriptors: Role, Nonverbal Communication, Second Language Learning, Listening Comprehension
