Worried about the large number of young children from low-income families entering school in their communities, many city and county leaders wonder whether quality preschool might help close the school readiness gap. Longitudinal studies of model programs that began decades ago show that these programs improved not only these children's school readiness but also their school completion rates and earnings as adults, saving taxpayers from $11-$17 per dollar invested (Reynolds et al., 2011; Schweinhart et al., 2005). Similar quality programs, scaled up and made available to all four-year-olds as opposed to only those who are disadvantaged, are still projected to save $2-$4 for every dollar invested (Karoly & Auger, 2016; Karoly & Bigelow, 2005). As two thirds of mothers with children under age six are in the labor force (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2015), many city and county leaders see a second possible benefit in preschool programs--helping accommodate working parents' needs for child care. Realizing what a good deal preschool might be for everyone--educationally and financially--some local preschool champions are unwilling to wait for federal or state action. They have started investing in expanding access and improving the quality of preschool provided in their communities, in many cases setting a goal for making quality preschool available to all families, regardless of income. This report summarizes key findings about local preschool initiatives in 10 communities in the United States. Scaling up from a model program to citywide or countywide access is difficult, and the local leaders profiled in the study had to address key issues about the focus, scope, quality components, duration, and rollout of their initiatives. Leaders had to determine an appropriate finance mechanism and develop the political will to secure it. Based on the examination of these preschool initiatives, the authors developed 10 questions local policymakers and educators should ask as they consider action on preschool. [The initial research for this report was funded by the Sonoma County Department of Health Services, Health Policy, Planning and Evaluation.]