Artificial Intelligence researchers and cognitive scientists commonly believe that thinking involves manipulating representations. Thinking involves search, inference, and making choices. This is how we model reasoning and what goes on in the brain is similar. Winograd and Flores present a radically different view, claiming that our knowledge is…

Comments on the other papers in this theme issue and presents a speculative account of inspection time (IT). IT is viewed as an index of core information-processing ability that has a causal influence on the development of complex intellectual skills. (Author/SLD)

Reviews "Human Minds: An Exploration" by Margaret Donaldson, which inquires into the diverse uses of minds, their ontogenetic development, and their histories. The two predominant themes in the book are the ontogenetic and historical development of cognition, and development of social-emotional understandings and experiences as well as…

This collection of nine chapters covers a wide range of topics such as knowledge acquisition, learning strategies and metacognition, intelligence, and large-scale testing regarding cognitive theory and assessment. In-depth reviews of relevant research are provided, with directions for further research. (SLD)

Reviews Dreyfus's writings about human cognition and artificial intelligence (AI), and explains some of the implications of his position, particularly in education. Topics include Dreyfus' critique of AI, representationlaism and expertise, technology and its role in instruction, computer-assisted instruction, and intelligent tutoring systems. (JKP)