A basic level of literacy and numeracy is essential for full participation in modern societies. While very few people in most of the advanced countries could be regarded as illiterate or innumerate, recent studies have shown that there are, in fact, significant numbers of people with poor skills, and that low levels of skills are associated with…

This report documents the design and data analysis procedures of the Trial State Assessment Program of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Today the NAEP is the only survey using advanced plausible values methodology that uses a multiple imputation procedure in a psychometric context. The 1990 Trial State Assessment collected…

In January 1972, The Government of Sri Lanka reorganized the formal school system from 8-2-2 to 5-4-2 and introduced a new common curriculum to the junior secondary level in all schools. The National Certificate in General Education Examination (NCGE) was administered in December to the first group of pupils completing the new program. This study…