As educators embark on the crucial mission of education reform, examining and learning from the shortcomings of past reform efforts can be the critical element that determines the success or failure of future efforts. This guide provides a unique insider's look into the various causes for ineffectual efforts, shedding new light on the obstacles to avoid, the problems to be corrected, and the methods to embrace in order to overcome inertia and foster positive change. "Inertia theory" is used as a unique model to uncover factors that thwart well-intentioned reform measures. Specific steps and remedies are featured that arm educators with the benefits of 20/20 hindsight, without needing to undergo difficult first-hand experiences. Highlights include detailed examples based on real-life reform efforts; straightforward analyses of problematic cases with specific caveats and suggestions for future improvement; and discussions on evaluation techniques, policymaking, and management of projects. Each chapter has "Conclusion" and "Discussion topics" sections that reinforce information outlined and provide opportunities for group study. The lessons to be learned from the analysis of each case should be applicable to a wide range of the educational efforts of diverse people in diverse places. (Contains 65 references.) (RT)