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Broumi, Said, Ed. – IGI Global, 2023
Fuzzy sets have experienced multiple expansions since their conception to enhance their capacity to convey complex information. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, image fuzzy sets, q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets, and neutrosophic sets are a few of these extensions. Researchers and academics have acquired a lot of information about their theories and methods…
Descriptors: Theories, Mathematical Logic, Intuition, Decision Making
Anagnostopoulos, Dorothea, Ed.; Rutledge, Stacey A., Ed.; Jacobsen, Rebecca, Ed. – Harvard Education Press, 2013
"The Infrastructure of Accountability" brings together leading and emerging scholars who set forth an ambitious conceptual framework for understanding the full impact of large-scale, performance-based accountability systems on education. Over the past 20 years, schools and school systems have been utterly reshaped by the demands of…
Descriptors: Accountability, Data, Information Utilization, Educational Change
Hershberg, Theodore, Ed.; Robertson-Kraft, Claire, Ed. – Harvard Education Press, 2009
This book offers an ambitious new system for evaluating, compensating, and providing professional development for school teachers and administrators. In this realigned system, new forms of accountability are introduced, but they go hand in hand with new rewards and access to enhanced forms of professional development to help educators succeed in…
Descriptors: Administrator Evaluation, Educational Change, Rewards, Accountability
Gallagher, Karen Symms, Ed.; Goodyear, Rodney, Ed.; Brewer, Dominic, Ed.; Rueda, Robert, Ed. – Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2011
Many factors complicate the education of urban students. Among them have been issues related to population density; racial, ethnic, cultural, and linguistic diversity; poverty; racism (individual and institutional); and funding levels. Although urban educators have been addressing these issues for decades, placing them under the umbrella of "urban…
Descriptors: African American Students, Urban Schools, Race, Action Research