This book represents the proceedings of the Conference on Advancing Research on Developmental Plasticity: Integrating Behavioral Science and the Neuroscience of Mental Health. The conference featured scientific presentations from many leading scientists in behavioral sciences, neuroscience and psychiatry, as well as a poster session for newer investigators and roundtable seminars for more in-depth discussion. The conference focused on three primary areas of development: stress and early development, cognition, and social behavior. The primary goal of the conference was to bring together scientists from neuroscience, the behavioral sciences, and psychiatry in order to begin identifying substantive topics that may benefit from more integrated cross-disciplinary research on developmental plasticity. The proceedings emphasize the importance of developmental plasticity in brain and behavior to mental health. Identifying the mechanisms and the timing by which these mechanisms operate could produce a greater understanding of the multiple and interconnected levels of functioning that lead to adjustment, as well as a much better understanding of when and how functioning becomes impaired. By examining the natural developmental timing of sensitive periods for plasticity, scientists will have firmer data to inform decisions about when to implement prevention or intervention. Contains 19 presentations, 6 roundtable seminars, and 37 poster presentations. (Author/GCP)